Cellular Antioxidant, Anti-Inflammatory, and Antiproliferative Activities from the Flowers, Leaves and Fruits of Gallesia integrifolia Spreng Harms

Gallesia integrifolia, a notable species in the Atlantic Forest, has been traditionally employed folk medicine for treating rheumatism, asthma, and worms. This study investigated cellular antioxidant, antiproliferative, anti-inflammatory activities of essential oils (EOs) crude extracts (CEs) from G. integrifolia flowers, fruits, leaves. The chemical identification EOs was performed by GC–MS CEs UHPLC–MS. Cellular antioxidant were assessed through mouse macrophage cell culture. In addition, antiproliferative potential evaluated gastric, colorectal, breast, lung tumor lines non-tumor VERO cells. predominantly contained organosulfur compounds flowers (96.29%), fruits (94.94%), leaves (90.72%). We found main compound is 2,2′-Disulfanediyldiethanethiol (47.00%), (41.82%), (44.39%). Phenolic identified CEs. demonstrated against tested (GI50 between 51 230 µg/mL). selectivity index values greater than 1.0 (1.01 to 3.37), suggesting relative safety profile. Moreover, activity IC50 ranged 36.00 268 µg/mL, oxidation inhibition 69% 82%. results suggest that derived have use various industrial sectors.